Types of Corona Virus Vaccines
Types of Corona Virus Vaccines
Coronavirus:
In 2020, more than 200 vaccines were discovered out of which 52 have been tested on humans. These vaccines make the immune system stronger to fight against the SARA-CoV-2 virus.
Coronavirus is an illness of the respiratory tract of a human. The name coronavirus is based on the shape of the virus, which has crown-like spikes on the external side of the virus and is known as the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The people contaminated with this virus experiences difficulty in breathing, flu, cough, fever, and several other symptoms. Mild symptoms can be cured with different medicine but people with serious illness needs special medication and might need artificial oxygen to stay alive.
This virus can spread from person to person through tiny liquid drops from the mouth and nose of an infected person when they speak, sneeze, cough, or breathe. The world is going through this life-threatening pandemic since 2019 and lost millions of humans to death.
Types of Coronavirus vaccines:
Different types of vaccines are described below to protect humans from the effects of coronavirus. These vaccines help in boosting the immune system and save from serious illness or even death. These are as:
Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine:
This vaccine is made from the specific part of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that gives the command to the cell to produce a special type of protein, which can destroy the virus. After that cells produce multiple copies of that protein to destroy the virus. If a vaccinated person comes in contact with coronavirus, their body immediately recognizes that it is harmful to the body and starts producing T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes.
Protein subunit vaccines:
The protein subunit is a well-established technology, which has promising benefits. This vaccine includes the production of particular pieces of protein instead of the whole protein. If a vaccinated person gets coronavirus, their body instantly recognizes and starts producing that specific piece of protein, which fights against the virus and saves the body from getting sick.
This vaccine was manufactured with the idea that the whole protein may have severe side effects in the body. But this type of vaccine was difficult to manufacture and booster shots may require in the future. The protein subunit vaccine consists of two doses.
Vector vaccines:
Vector vaccines are the most advanced version of the vaccine. Inside the exterior of the modified virus, there is a substance that causes coronavirus, which is the viral vector’. Once the vaccine shot is given, the genetic material gives a command to the cells to produce the special virus that causes COVID-19. From these commands, cells make multiple copies of that protein. These proteins remember how to fight against the coronavirus and produce T- lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes.
The genetic substances produced with this vaccine do not become part of human DNA. This
type of vaccine is relatively more complex and expensive, however, it does not cause any
side effects in the body.
References:
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21214-coronavirus-covid-19
https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus#tab=tab_1
https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/the-race-for-a-covid-19-vaccine-explained
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/coronavirus/in-depth/different-types-of-covid-19-vaccines/art-20506465
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/different-vaccines/how-they-work.htmlCDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fcoronavirus%2F2019-ncov%2Fvaccines%2Fabout-vaccines%2Fhow-they-work.html
https://coronavirusexplained.ukri.org/en/article/cad0003/
https://www.who.int/news-room/feature-stories/detail/the-race-for-a-covid-19-vaccine-explained
